ISSN: 2300-9705
eISSN: 2353-2807
OAI
DOI: 10.18276/cej.2024.2-07
Lista wydań /
Vol. 46, No. 2/2024
Prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa in a Sample of Rock and Sport Climbers
| Autorzy: |
Krzysztof
Sas-Nowosielski
Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland Mateusz Gutek
Polska Szkoła Alpinizmu |
| Słowa kluczowe: | orthorexia nervosa climbing prevalence |
| Data publikacji całości: | 2024 |
| Liczba stron: | 8 (81-88) |
Abstrakt
Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a disorder characterized by obsessive behavior towards healthy eating. Some groups present a higher prevalence of ON and athletes seems to be a population at risk. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ON in the rock and sport climbing community. population using two different questionnaires. Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (PL-DOS) was used to assess ON. The study involved 236 climbers (including 159 men and 77 women, 67.4 and 32.6%, respectively), with an average age of 34.7±9.2 years. The group was divided into groups according to criteria such as the preferred type and style of climbing, participation in climbing competitions or the volume of training undertaken. Orthorexia was diagnosed in 12.7% (n=30) of climbers, with a mean score of PL-DOS of 32.8±2.4 with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 31.9 to 33.7. Another 25% of the respondents were diagnosed with ON risk (mean±SD 26.8±1.5, 95% CI 36.4-27.2). It was not found that the adopted stratification variables significantly differentiated the groups distinguished on their basis. The only exceptions were age and weekly training frequency. However, the effect sizes were small in both cases.
Pobierz plik
Plik artykułu
Bibliografia
| 1. | Barthels, F., Meyer, F. & Pietrowsky, R. (2015). Orthorexic eating behavior. A new type of disordered eating. Ernaehrungsumschau, 62(10), 156–161. doi: 10.4455/eu.2015.029 |
| 2. | Brytek‐Matera, A. (2020). The Polish version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (PL-DOS) and its comparison with the English version of the DOS (E-DOS). Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 26(4), 1223–1232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-01025-z |
| 3. | Chard, C. A., Hilzendegen, C., Barthels, F., & Stroebele-Benschop, N. (2019). Psychometric evaluation of the English version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexie Scale (DOS) and the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa among a U.S. student sample. Eating and Weight Disorders, 24(2), 275–281. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0570-6 |
| 4. | de Souza, Q.J.O.V. & Rodrigues, A.M. (2014). Risk behavior for orthorexia nervosa in nutrition students. Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 63(3), 200–204. https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000026 |
| 5. | Dell’Osso, L., Abelli, M., Carpita, B., Pini, S., Castellini, G., Carmassi, C., & Ricca, V. (2016). Historical evolution of the concept of anorexia nervosa and relationships with orthorexia nervosa, autism, and obsessive-compulsive spectrum. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 12, 1651–1660. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S108912 |
| 6. | Dittfeld, A., Koszowska, A,, Fizia, K, & Ziora K. (2013). Ortoreksja – nowe zaburzenie odżywiania. Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis; 67(6), 393–399 |
| 7. | Dunn, T. M., Gibbs, J., Whitney, N., & Starosta, A. (2017). Prevalence of orthorexia nervosa is less than 1 %: data from a US sample. Eating and Weight Disorders: EWD, 22(1), 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0258-8 |
| 8. | Foyster, M., Sultan, N., Tonkovic, M., Govus, A., Burton-Murray, H., Tuck, C. J., & Biesiekierski, J. R. (2023). Assessing the presence and motivations of orthorexia nervosa among athletes and adults with eating disorders: a cross-sectional study. Eating and Weight Disorders: EWD, 28(1), 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-023-01631-7 |
| 9. | Gibson-Smith, E., Storey, R., & Ranchordas, M. (2020). Dietary intake, body composition and iron status in experienced and elite climbers. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 122, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.00122 |
| 10. | Greetfeld, M., Heßler, J. B., Brandl, B., Skurk, T., Holzapfel, C., Quadflieg, N., Schlegl, S., Hauner, H., & Voderholzer, U. (2020). |
| 11. | Orthorexic tendencies in the general population: association with demographic data, psychiatric symptoms, and utilization of mental health services. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 26(5), 1511–1519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-020-00961-0 |
| 12. | Hafstad, S. M., Bauer, J., Harris, A., & Pallesen, S. (2023). The prevalence of orthorexia in exercising populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Eating Disorders, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-023-00739-6 |
| 13. | Håman, L., Barker-Ruchti, N., Patriksson, G., & Lindgren, E. (2015). Orthorexia nervosa: An integrative literature review of a lifestyle syndrome. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 10(1), 26799. https://doi.org/10.3402/qhw.v10.26799 |
| 14. | Hyrnik, J., Zasada, I., Wilczyński, K. M., Jelonek, I., & Janas-Kozik, M. (2021). Orthorexia - current approach. A review. Psychiatria polska, 55(2), 405–420. https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/115149 |
| 15. | Jeacocke, N., Beals, K., & Sutherland, F. (2018). Eating disorders and disordered eating in athletes. In L. Burke, V. Deakin & M. Minehan (Eds.), Clinical Sports Nutrition, 5e (pp. 213–233). McGraw Hill |
| 16. | Joubert, L. M., Gonzalez, G. B., & Larson, A. J. (2020). Prevalence of Disordered Eating Among International Sport Lead Rock Climbers. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2, 86. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.00086 |
| 17. | Joubert, L., Warme, A., Larson, A., Grønhaug, G., Michael, M., Schöffl, V., Burtscher, E., & Meyer, N. (2022). Prevalence of amenorrhea in elite female competitive climbers. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 4, 895588. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2022.895588 |
| 18. | Koven, N. S. & Abry, A. W. (2015). The clinical basis of orthorexia nervosa: emerging perspectives. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 11, 385–394. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S61665 |
| 19. | Mavrandrea, P., & Gonidakis, F. (2022). Exercise dependence and orthorexia nervosa in Crossfit: exploring the role of perfectionism. Current Psychology, 42, 1–9. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03585-y |
| 20. | McComb, S. E., & Mills, J. S. (2019). Orthorexia nervosa: A review of psychosocial risk factors. Appetite, 140, 50–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.05.005 |
| 21. | Michael, M. K., Joubert, L., & Witard, O. C. (2019). Assessment of dietary intake and eating attitudes in recreational and competitive adolescent rock climbers: a pilot study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 6, 64. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00064 |
| 22. | Michael, M. K., Witard, O. C., & Joubert, L. (2019). Physiological demands and nutritional considerations for Olympic-style competitive rock climbing. Cogent Medicine, 6(1), 1667199. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205x.2019.1667199 |
| 23. | Michalska, A., Szejko, N., Jakubczyk, A. & Wojnar, M. (2016). Niespecyficzne zaburzenia odżywiania się – subiektywny przegląd. Psychiatria Polska, 50(3), 497–507, https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/59217. |
| 24. | Niedzielski, A., & Kaźmierczak-Wojtaś, N. (2021). Prevalence of Orthorexia Nervosa and Its Diagnostic Tools-A Literature Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(10), 5488. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105488 |
| 25. | Paludo, A. C., Magatão, M., Martins, H. R. F., Martins, M. V. S., & Kumstát, M. (2022). Prevalence of Risk for Orthorexia in Athletes Using the ORTO-15 Questionnaire: A Systematic Mini-Review. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 856185. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.856185 |
| 26. | Parra-Fernández, M. L., Onieva-Zafra, M. D., Fernández-Martínez, E., Abreu-Sánchez, A., & Fernández-Muñóz, J. J. (2019). Assessing the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa in a sample of university students using two different Self-Report measures. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2459. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142459 |
| 27. | Peoples, G. E., Parker, S., Anthony, R., & Craddock, J. (2021). Rock climbers’ self-reported dietary practices and supplement use in the context of supporting climbing performance. The Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.36905/jses.2021.02.06 |
| 28. | Rudolph S. (2018). The connection between exercise addiction and orthorexia nervosa in German fitness sports. Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 23(5), 581–586. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-017-0437-2 |
| 29. | Segura-García, C., Papaianni, M. C., Caglioti, F., Procopio, L., Nisticò, C. G., Bombardiere, L., Ammendolia, A., Rizza, P., De Fazio, P., & Capranica, L. (2012). Orthorexia nervosa: a frequent eating disordered behavior in athletes. Eating and Weight Disorders, 17(4), e226–e233. https://doi.org/10.3275/8272 |
| 30. | Speed, H., & Andersen, M. B. (2000). What exercise and sport scientists don’t understand. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 3(1), 84–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1440-2440(00)80051-1 |
| 31. | Turner, P. G., & Lefevre, C. E. (2017). Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders: EWD, 22(2), 277–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-017-0364-2 |
| 32. | Varga, M., Thege, B. K., Dukay-Szabó, S., Túry, F., & van Furth, E. F. (2014). When eating healthy is not healthy: orthorexia nervosa and its measurement with the ORTO-15 in Hungary. BMC Psychiatry, 14, 59. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-59 |