Popytowe korzyści skali i pułapka gorszego produktu

For an economic system to display change, the incipient essential condition is the occurrence of a shock while for the change to persist a feedback needs to continue. Positive feedbacks are apparent both in the material (physical) sphere and the behavioural one. The bulk of neoclassical models dispense of the notion of positive feedbacks through four abstract assumptions: (i) perfect information, (ii) perfect goods mobility (transformation), (iii) perfect goods divisibility and (iv) economic actor rationality. Once these assumptions are waved, positive feedbacks emerge in the form of demand-side economies of scale or herding behaviour. Positive feedbacks are characteristic for dynamic games in which one by one consumers take decisions on network participation. The examples of feedbacks in economics are network effects or bandwagon effects. A negative example of economic feedbacks is inferior product lock-in.