Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine


ISSN: 2300-9705     eISSN: 2353-2807    OAI
CC BY-SA   Open Access   DOAJ  DOAJ

Issue archive / Vol. 10, No. 2/2015
The Effect Of Warm-Up Modalities on Trampoline Flight Time Performance

Authors: Conrad P. Earnest
Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University College Station, Texas, USA

Melissa Harden
The University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
Keywords: muscle activation trampoline bounce height flight time
Whole issue publication date:2015
Page range:11 (33-43)

Abstract

Trampoline flight time is a recent addition to Olympic scoring and was sufficient in weight to displace a formed medal winner from a podium placement at the 2012 Olympics. The aim of our study was to examine different warm-up routines on trampoline flight time. We examined ten elite, female trampolinists (mean ± SD: age 19.2 ±5.4 y) who performed six different warm-up routines in a randomised, cross-over, counter-balanced manner: (a) static stretching (STAT, control), (b) STAT+10 trampoline bounces, (c) dynamic stretching (DYN), (d) DYN+10 trampoline bounces, (e) DYN+Drop jumps (DYN+DJ) and (f) DYN+isometric mid-thigh pulls (DYN+IP). Data were analysed using general linear models, Dunnett-HSU post-hoc tests vs. Control/STAT and magnitude based inferences vs. control. Our analysis demonstrated that total flight time following DYN 10 (17.29 ±0.52s, 83% likely beneficial, P < 0.002) was significantly longer versus STAT (16.59 ±0.49 s), with a trend toward significance for DYN (16.97 ±0.20 s; 22% likely beneficial, P = 0.077). The DYN-IP (14.04 ± 0.48 s) and DYN-DJ (14.15 ±0.66 s) produced the shortest vs. all warm-up forms (P < 0.005). To the contrary, the DYN+DJ and DYN+IP conditions were >99% likely to be detrimental to performance. Our results demonstrate a clear improvement in flight times when using a dynamic warm-up coupled with a trampoline specific bouncing task (DYN+10).
Download file

Article file

Bibliography

1.Batterham A.M., Hopkins W.G. Making meaningful inferences about magnitudes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2006; 1 (1): 50–57.
2.Behm D.G., Button D.C., Barbour G., Butt J.C., Young W.B. Conflicting effects of fatigue and potentiation on voluntary force. Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength Conditioning Association. 2004; 18 (2): 365–372.
3.Bishop D. Warm up I: potential mechanisms and the effects of passive warm up on exercise performance. Sports medicine. 2003; 33 (6): 439–454.
4.Bomfim L.J., Popp M.D., Barquilha G., Ortega da Silva L., Puggina E., Pithon-Curi, T. Acute effects of drop jump potentiation protocol on sprint and countermovement vertical jump performance. Human Movement. 2011; 12: 324–333.
5.Bradley P.S., Olsen P.D, Portas M.D. The effect of static, ballistic, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on vertical jump performance. Journal of strength and ,conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association. 2007; 2
6.Farquharson R. The demands of gymnastic trampolining from touch down to take-off: A physical preparation perspective. SportsEX Medicine Journal. 2012; 53: 14–19.
7.Fletcher I.M., Monte-Colombo M.M. An investigation into the possible physiological mechanisms associated with changes in performance related to acute responses to different preactivity stretch modalities. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism. 201
8.Garhammer J. Power production by Olympic weightlifters. Medicine and science in sports and exercise. 1980; 12 (1): 54–60.
9.Gossen E.R., Sale D.G. Effect of postactivation potentiation on dynamic knee extension performance. European journal of applied physiology. 2000; 83 (6): 524–530.
10.Hough P.A., Ross E.Z., Howatson G. Effects of dynamic and static stretching on vertical jump performance and electromyographic activity. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association. 2009; 23 (2): 507–512.
11.Jensen R.L., Ebben W.P. Kinetic analysis of complex training rest interval effect on vertical jump performance. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association. 2003; 17 (2): 345–349.
12.Kawamori N., Rossi S.J., Justice B.D., Haff E.E., Pistilli E.E., O’Bryant H.S., Stone M.H., Haff G.G. Peak force and rate of force development during isometric and dynamic mid-thigh clean pulls performed at various intensities. Journal of strength and con
13.Robbins J.W., Scheuermann B.W. Varying amounts of acute static stretching and its effect on vertical jump performance. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association. 2008; 22 (3): 781–786.
14.Samson M., Button D.C., Chaouachi A., Behm D.G. Effects of dynamic and static stretching within general and activity specific warm-up protocols. Journal of sports science medicine. 2012; 11 (2): 279–285.
15.Scott S.L., Docherty D. Acute effects of heavy preloading on vertical and horizontal jump performance. Journal of strength and conditioning research / National Strength Conditioning Association. 2004; 18 (2): 201–205.
16.Sekir U., Arabaci R., Akova B., Kadagan S.M. Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on leg flexor and extensor isokinetic strength in elite women athletes. Scandinavian journal of medicine science in sports. 2010; 20 (2): 268–281.
17.Shrier I., McHugh M. Does static stretching reduce maximal muscle performance? A review. Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine. 2012; 22 (5): 450–451.
18.Simic L., Sarabon N., Markovic G. Does pre-exercise static stretching inhibit maximal muscular performance? A meta-analytical review. Scandinavian journal of medicine science in sports. 2013; 23 (2): 131–148.
19.Stone M.H., Sanborn K., O’Bryant H.S., Hartman M., Stone M.E., Proulx C., Ward B., Hruby J. Maximum strength-power-performance relationships in collegiate throwers. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association.
20.Tillin N.A., Bishop D. Factors modulating post-activation potentiation and its effect on performance of subsequent explosive activities. Sports medicine. 2009; 39 (2): 147–166.
21.Unick J., Kieffer H.S., Cheesman W., Feeney A. The acute effects of static and ballistic stretching on vertical jump performance in trained women. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association. 2005; 19 (1): 206–
22.Wallmann H.W., Mercer J.A., McWhorter J.W. Surface electromyographic assessment of the effect of static stretching of the gastrocnemius on vertical jump performance. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning Association.
23.Wilson J.M., Hornbuckle L.M., Kim J.S., Ugrinowitsch C., Lee S.R., Zourdos M.C., Sommer B., Panton L.B. Effects of static stretching on energy cost and running endurance performance. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditio
24.Yamaguchi T., Ishii K., Yamanaka M., Yasuda K. Acute effects of dynamic stretching exercise on power output during concentric dynamic constant external resistance leg extension. Journal of strength and conditioning research/National Strength Conditioning