Studia Administracyjne

Pre-emptive right means that a specific entity is entitled to pre-emptive right to acquire an item/property when its owner sells this item/property. The nature of the pre-emption right is, in fact, to restrict the item’s owner as to his freedom to decide on the object of the sale in respect to the potential entity who will acquire a given item/property. The property which the pre-emptive right concerns can be sold to the third party only on the condition that the party entitled to the pre-emption right will not execute this right. The pre-emption right was described mainly in the regulations of the Civil Code. These regulations apply to all the cases of pre-emption right unless this right was interpreted otherwise in detailed provisions. The statutory right of pre-emption that the commune is entitled to under the Act on Real Estate Management was not regulated in this act in a sufficient way. In such situation it is necessary to refer to the code regulations which are applied to the right of pre-emption in case no detailed provisions on this law can be found. The pre-emptive right of the commune is regulated in the non-code provisions. The provisions that deserve special attention are the regulations from the Act on Real Estate Management from 21.08.1997 (coherent text of the Journal of Laws from 2010 No.102, item 651 with amendments). The pre-emptive right is executed by a district administrator, a town mayor or the president of the city with reference to real property in the commune area. The real property mentioned above can be sold to the third party on special conditions. Both a seller and a purchaser can sign the agreement only on transferring the property. The actual result involving transferring the right to property ownership on the buyer can only be effective when an additional agreement of the parties is signed. The sale made unconditionally is invalid.