Intelligent Management and Artificial Intelligence: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities, Vol.2

Purpose: This article explores the impact of cloud computing on enterprise operations using rough set theory. It identifies key factors influencing implementation success and business growth. By addressing uncertainty and subjectivity, the method enables intelligent, experience-driven decisions and supports dynamic, flexible optimization in evolving markets. Need for the study: As rapid technological change and increasing competition push companies to adapt, cloud computing introduces uncertainty and incomplete data that complicate analysis. Traditional methods cannot fully capture this complexity, highlighting the need for advanced, multi-criteria tools like rough set theory to better assess its impact on efficiency and enterprise development. Methodology: The study analyzes data from over 400 Polish SMEs using rough set theory to identify decision rules connecting cloud strategies with their outcomes. This method captures data ambiguity and subjectivity, revealing complex factor relationships. It supports formal knowledge representation and cyclical, multi-criteria decision-making for adapting strategies to market changes. Findings: Data from over 400 enterprises revealed decision rules linking cloud strategies to business outcomes, shaped by ambiguity and subjective factors. Cloud computing effectiveness depends on market and organizational context, requiring flexible approaches. Rough set theory effectively addresses uncertainty and supports multi-criteria decision-making, with ongoing updates essential for adapting to change. Practical Implications: To manage uncertainty and incomplete data, businesses should adopt tools like rough set theory, fuzzy logic, or expert systems. Integrating them into existing systems enhances decision-making, while developing data skills and regularly updating rules ensures adaptability to change.