Acta Politica Polonica

The purpose of this article was to present the historical background, examine the current status, and outline future developmental pathways of the Orthodox Church in the United Kingdom. A combination of historical-sociological analysis and qualitative interview techniques was employed to capture both the long-term demographic and organizational trends, as well as the perspectives of specific Orthodox communities. The review of relevant literature, archival materials, and collected respondent data made it possible to describe the factors influencing parish dynamics, the scope of cooperation among various Orthodox jurisdictions, and the extent of challenges posed by secularization and the preservation of ethnic heritage. The findings show that Orthodoxy in Britain has evolved primarily through waves of migration, resulting in the maintenance of strong ties to mother churches. Simultaneously, increasing tension has been observed between the need to preserve cultural identity and the necessity to adapt to local contexts. Many parishes have introduced elements of the liturgy in English and developed ministry programs aimed at second- and third-generation immigrants. Researchers also identified difficulties related to clergy shortages and differing approaches to ethical and social issues. Despite these challenges, interest in pan- Orthodox collaboration has risen, opening opportunities for a more coherent representation of Orthodoxy in the British public sphere. The authors concluded that future research should focus on changing attitudes in younger generations and the long-term effectiveness of inculturational efforts in a secularized environment.