Skip to content
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego. Acta Politica

Currently: Acta Politica Polonica

1/2015 (31)
OpenAlex

Data describes this article or chapter.

Record found in the database

Citations
2
References
15
Citations by year
YearCitations
20211
20241

Data retrieved:

Showing the last available data. An update is pending or has failed.

View source (new tab)

For the whole journal, according to OpenAlex.

Citations
214
Publications
252
H-index
5
I10-index
1
Mean citedness (2 years)
0.38
Citations received by year
Journal citation chart. Exact values are available in the table below. 2017: 9 2018: 8 2019: 7 2020: 7 2021: 24 2022: 21 2023: 37 2024: 33 2025: 28 2026: 37 2017 2026
Show data table
Citations received by year
YearPublicationsCitations
2017339
2018298
2019177
2020157
20211624
20222121
20231337
20242033
20251928
2026637

Data retrieved:

What do these numbers mean?

Publications and citations cover records linked to this journal in OpenAlex. H-index is the largest number h of publications with at least h citations each. I10-index counts publications cited at least 10 times. The chart shows citations received in each year; the current year is incomplete. Coverage may differ from WNUS and other services.

The 2-year mean is an OpenAlex metric. It is not the Clarivate Journal Impact Factor.

View in OpenAlex (new tab)
OpenCitations

Data describes this article or chapter.

Citations
1

Data retrieved:

Showing the last available data. An update is pending or has failed.

Citing publications
  1. 10.1007/s10308-024-00703-2 (2024)
View source (new tab)
Google Scholar
Find in Google Scholar (new tab)

The (Para)diplomacy of Scotland towards Asian Countries

DOI: 10.18276/ap.2015.31-04
Cite

The full text is available

ISSN:0867-0617
Authors: Tomasz Czapiewski
Uniwersytet Szczeciński, Instytut Politologii i Europeistyki
Keywords: Scotland Asia devolution foreign policy paradiplomacy
Issue / book publication date:2015
Page range:18 (59-76)
OAI-PMH:Metadata
CC BY-SA Open Access DOAJ CEEOL ERIH PLUS Diamond Discovery Hub
QR code

Abstract

This article aims at presenting the activity of Scotland as a sub-state entity with reference to the field of its foreign policy. Its main assumption is that the concept of foreign policy has significantly changed in recent decades. The term most often used to describe this phenomenon is “paradiplomacy” understood as the involvement of non/state actors in autonomous diplomatic practices. The article will argue that Scotland’s activity within the international arena allows for it being considered as paradiplomatic, even protodiplomatic. It will be further demonstrated that the most important target of Scotland’s paradiplomatic activity in Asia is China. The motivations of the Scottish paradiplomacy towards Asian countries can be seen on the regional, state and external levels. The article concludes that the relations between Scotland and the United Kingdom as regards foreign policy can be studied as bridging the complementary and discretion models.  

PDF

Download PDF
Preview PDF

Open PDF

Bibliography (41)
  1. „Education Link-up between Scotland and India Announced.” The Scotsman 12.10.2010, http://bit.ly/1yBe5mf Accessed: 30.09.2014.
  2. “Scotland and India Join Forces in Green Energy Drive.” The Scotsman 14.10.2009, http://bit.ly/1A21mxn. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  3. “Scotland to Fund Malala Inspired Scholarship.” The Scotsman 20.10.2013, http://bit. ly/1uo8DXr. Accessed: 6.02.2014.
  4. Aldecoa, Francisco. Keating, Michael (eds.). Paradiplomacy in Action. London: Frank Cass 1999.
  5. Confucius Institute for Scotland. History, http://bit.ly/1zXejrV. Accessed: 15.02.2015.
  6. Czapiewski, Tomasz. Kształtowanie się systemu politycznego Szkocji. Szczecin: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego 2011.
  7. Dickson, Francesca. “The Internationalisation of Regions: Paradiplomacy or Multi-level Governance?” Geography Compass Vol. 8, No. 10, 2014.
  8. Donald, Colin. “International Trade Expert Queries Value of Scotland’s China Plan.” The Herald 6.01.2013, http://bit.ly/1yjDHUu. Accessed: 3.02.2015.
  9. Duncan, Katie. “UK HE Enrollments: 3% Growth Eclipsed by Fall in Indian Numbers.” The Pie News 15.01.2015, http://bit.ly/1y4I5u4. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  10. Hashemi, Franchesca, Calum Macdonald. “Revealed: only a Quarter of Our Distilleries Are Owned by Scots Firms.” The Herald 2.02.2015, http://bit.ly/1LIa0G4. Accessed: 3.02.2015.
  11. Jeffery, Charlie. “Scotland’s European and International Policy.” Foreign Policy of Constituent Units at the Beginnings of 21st Century. Ed. F. Requejo. Barcelona: Institut d’Estudis Autonňmics (Catalunya) 2010.
  12. “Sub-National Authorities and European Domestic Policy.” The Regional Dimension of the European Union. Ed. C. Jeffery. London: Frank Cass 1996.
  13. “Sub-National Mobilization and European Integration: Does it Make Any Difference?” Regions and Regionalism in Europe. Ed. M. Keating. Cheltenham: Edgar Elgar 2004.
  14. Kelly, Michael. “Pakistan Too Good to Miss.” The Scotsman 10.10.2012, http://bit.ly/1HT5eWR. Accessed: 3.02.2015.
  15. Kenealy, Daniel. “Commercial Interests and Calculated Compassion: The Diplomacy and Paradiplomacy of Releasing the Lockerbie Bomber.” Diplomacy & Statecraft Vol. 23, No. 2, 2012.
  16. Kuznetsov, Alexander. Theory and Practice of Paradiplomacy: Subnational Governments in International Affairs. New York: Routledge 2015.
  17. Laitin, David. “National Identities in the Emerging European State.” Minority Nationalism and the Changing international Order. Ed. M. Keating, J. McGarry. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2001.
  18. Lecours, Andre. “Political Issues of Paradiplomacy: Lessons from the Developed World.” The paper presented in the Clingendael Discussion Papers in Diplomacy at the Clingendael Institute in the Hague in 2008, http://bit.ly/1908Y9t. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  19. Manan, Abdul. “Governor Punjab Chaudhry Sarwar Resigns after Making Anti-Govt Remarks.” The Express Tribune 29.01.2015, http://bit.ly/1zxSIF5. Accessed: 3.02.2015.
  20. Marshall, Chris. “Scots Universities Criticise UK Immigration Laws.” The Scotsman 12.02.2013, http://bit.ly/1A232XF. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  21. Mathews, Jessica T. “Power Shift.” Foreign Affairs Vol. 76, No. 1, 1997.
  22. McLauglin, Martyn. “PM ‘Concern’ over Scot on Death Row for Blasphemy.” The Scotsman 30.01.2014, http://bit.ly/1DBbso5. Accessed: 30.01.2015.
  23. Moreno, Luis. “Local and Global: Mesogovernments and Territorial identities.” Nationalism and Ethnic Politics Vol. 5, No. 3–4, 1999: 61–75.
  24. Palmer, Roseanne. Devolution, Asymmetry and Europe: Multi-Level Governance in the United Kingdom. Brussels: Peter Lang 2008.
  25. Peterkin, Tom. “Record ‘Proves Alex Salmond Kowtowed over Dalai Lama’ Visit.” The Scotsman 9.08.2012, http://bit.ly/1EOrBdm. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  26. Sevastupolo, Demetri. “Alex Salmond Slams UK Decision on Visa of 2 Chinese Teacher.” The Financial Times 6.11.2013, http://on.ft.com/1ztd5o7. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  27. Soldatos, Panayotis. “An Explanatory Framework for the Study of Federated States as Foreign-Policy Actors.” Federalism and International Relations. The Role of Subnational Units. Ed. H. Michelmann, P. Soldatos. Oxford: Oxford University Press 1990.
  28. Sorensen, Georg. “Globalization and the Nation-State.” Comparative Politics. Ed. D. Caramani. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2008.
  29. Szmigiel, Katarzyna. Regionalne po co i z kim? Relacje międzynarodowe polskich województw, Warszawa: Geoprofit 2009.
  30. Tatham, Michael. “With or Without You? Revisiting Territorial State-Bypassing in EU Interest Representation.” Journal of European Public Policy Vol. 17, No. 1, 2010.
  31. The European and External Relations Committee. Written Evidence From Philip Morgan (Ex First Secretary (Scottish Affairs)), http://bit.ly/1yjDHUu. Accessed: 3.02.2015.
  32. The House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee. Foreign Policy Considerations for the UK and Scotland in the Event of Scotland Becoming an Independent Country.
  33. The Sixth Report of Session 2012–13 Report together with the formal minutes, oral and written evidence 23.04.2013, http://bit.ly/1BUrpTK. Accessed: 4.02.2015.
  34. The Scottish Government. India Plan. Edinburgh 2010, http://bit.ly/1yL9o8w. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  35. Pakistan Plan. Edinburgh 2010, http://bit.ly/1yUtiz3. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  36. Scotland’s International Framework. Edinburgh: APS Group Scotland 2012.
  37. Working with China. A Five Year Strategy for Engagement between Scotland and the People’s Republic of China. Edinburgh: APS Group Scotland 2012.
  38. Tomaszewski, Krzysztof. Regiony w procesie integracji europejskiej. Kraków: Oficyna Ekonomiczna Grupa Wolters Kluwer 2007.
  39. Visit Britain. Trends in visits, nights, and spend to Scotland by visitors from overseas 2013, http://bit.ly/1FjuArO. Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  40. Visit Scotland. Scotland. The Key Facts on Tourism in 2013, http://bit.ly/1ztnMqO Accessed: 7.02.2015.
  41. Wolff, Stefan. “Paradiplomacy: Scope, Opportunities and Challenges.” The Bologna Center Journal of International Affairs Vol. 10, 2007.